黄赜琳,蒋鹏程

• 1:上海财经大学公共管理学院

摘要(Abstract)：

助力全国统一大市场的建设是实现共同富裕和推进新发展格局的内在要求。本文从任务模型和实证检验两方面考察智能化应用对资本流动的影响。研究发现：随着企业人工智能应用水平的提升，企业异地设立子公司的数量显著增加。降低异地投资管理成本、增加高技能雇佣规模、优化企业劳动力技能结构、提高技术与科技人才的配置效率和促进技术知识扩散是人工智能发挥资本流动效应的重要机制。人工智能的异地投资效应在非国有企业、制造业企业和位于劳动力要素市场分割更强和数字基础设施水平更高地区的企业才显著存在。此外，人工智能应用能够突破空间束缚，推动企业前往更远的城市进行投资。同时，人工智能对资本流动的方向存在不对称效应，会导致资本从小城市流向大城市。本文从企业资本流动视角为新时代如何通过智能化转型推动要素流动畅通提供了经验证据与政策启示。

关键词(KeyWords)： 人工智能;异地投资;资本流动;统一大市场

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家哲学社会科学基金一般项目：“人工智能的技术进步偏向效应及其对劳动收入份额的影响研究”（编号：23BJL031）的资助

作者(Author): 黄赜琳,蒋鹏程

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• (1)具体处理过程备索。 (2)限于篇幅,IV-2SLS估计结果未报告,备索。 (3)感谢审稿人给出的宝贵建议。 (4)专利数据均来自CNRDS数据库,由于该数据库披露的上市企业子公司的专利数据存在较大缺失,因此与基准数据匹配后,回归样本数减少。与此同时,虽然无法获取上市企业与异地子公司的合作专利数据,但是企业与外部其他企业之间的合作专利一定程度上可以反映出知识要素的流动。 (5)限于篇幅,异质性估计结果未报告,备索。 (6)我们只提取了262个城市的中心地理经纬度,因此样本量存在极少的损失。 (7)城市规模等级按照王书斌(2020)的做法,根据《关于调整城市规模划分标准的通知(2014)》进行划分。