跨境电商改革何以影响供应链效率——来自综试区政策的经验证据How Does the Reform of Cross-border E-commerce Affect the Ffficiency of the Supply Chain: Evidence from the Policy of Cross-border E-commerce Comprehensive Pilot Area
罗奇,陈凯,张学思,何小钢
摘要(Abstract)：
作为承载“互联网+外贸”的贸易新业态，跨境电商在提升供应链效率、保障供应链安全方面的重要性日益凸显。本文将跨境电商综合试验区政策作为准自然实验，采用2008—2021年中国上市企业数据和渐进双重差分方法，基于存货视角系统考察了跨境电商改革对供应链效率的影响。研究发现：跨境电商改革能够显著提高企业存货周转率，进而提升供应链效率，该结论在考虑一系列可能干扰估计结果的因素后仍然成立；跨境电商改革提升供应链效率的作用渠道主要包括助力企业拓展海外市场、降低需求不确定性以及推动制造业与服务业融合；此外，地区信息基础设施建设和制度环境改善进一步强化了跨境电商改革对供应链效率的提升作用。在当前中国大力建设跨境电商综合试验区背景下，本文研究结论对于如何提升供应链现代化水平提供了政策启示。
关键词(KeyWords)： 跨境电商;供应链效率;存货周转率;上市企业
基金项目(Foundation): 国家社会科学基金(项目编号：23AZD085);; 江西省高校人文社会科学研究项目(项目编号：JJ24203);; 江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(项目编号：GJJ2400405);; 江西省社会科学基金项目(项目编号：24YJ39)的资助
作者(Author): 罗奇,陈凯,张学思,何小钢
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- (1)数据来源:《海关总署2021年全年进出口情况新闻发布会》[EB/OL],2021-01-14,https://www.scio.gov.cn/xwfbh/xwbfbh/wqfbh/47673/47714/wz47716/Document/1718896/1718896.htm。 (2)数据来源:《海关总署2022年全年进出口情况新闻发布会》[EB/OL],2023-01-13,https://www.scio.gov.cn/xwfbh/xwbfbh/wqfbh/49421/49446/wz49449/Document/1735262/1735262.htm。 (3)数据来源:杭州设跨境电商“小目标”建“网上丝绸之路”枢纽[EB/OL],2017-04-19,https://www.hangzhou.gov.cn/art/2017/4/19/art_1551501_29268775.html。 (4)由于第三批跨境电商综试区试点城市中的义乌市为县级市,因此本文将其剔除;由于第四、第五批跨境电商综试区设立时间与本文样本末期(2021年)相距较近,无法提供合理的时间窗口,因此本文将第四、第五批试点城市内的企业样本予以剔除。经过上述整理,本文最终获得2008—2021年212个地级以上城市共计3284家上市企业非平衡面板数据。其中,设立跨境电商综试区的城市有34个,剩余178个城市未设立综试区。