范庆泉,刘惠,刘祎男,王子仲

• 1:首都经济贸易大学财政税务学院

摘要(Abstract)：

生态文明建设是促进经济社会发展全面绿色转型的战略布局，也是实现中国式现代化的本质要求。国家重点生态功能区转移支付重点补助作为修复改善生态环境的重要制度安排，是“十四五”期间推进生态文明建设迈上新台阶的重点工作，其政策效果评价及作用机制探究具有十分重要的现实意义。本文基于2002—2021年京津冀地区县级数据构造多期双重差分模型，对国家重点生态功能区转移支付重点补助政策的生态环境改善效应进行实证检验。研究表明，国家重点生态功能区转移支付重点补助改善了京津冀地区的生态环境质量，设立国家重点生态功能区的县域体现出更为显著的政策效果。此外，河北省相关制度实施时间更长、资金规模更大，该省的生态环境改善效果也更加明显。进一步，本文研究发现转移支付重点补助政策的作用机制是通过提高农村居民收入水平、增强生态环境保护的内在激励，优化其经济生产行为得以实现的。基于此，本文提出应加大激励约束措施实施力度、加速培育生态产业、在现有制度基础上探索横向转移支付的政策建议，以充分发挥国家重点生态功能区转移支付重点补助的政策导向功能，助力美丽中国目标早日实现。

关键词(KeyWords)： 生态补偿;转移支付;国家重点生态功能区;双重差分模型

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 北京市社会科学基金项目“京津冀大气污染源解析、防治效果评价及区域联防补偿机制研究”(批准号:18YJC016)的资助

作者(Author): 范庆泉,刘惠,刘祎男,王子仲

参考文献(References)：

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• (1)习近平:高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜为全面建设社会主义现代化国家而团结奋斗——在中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会上的报告,中华人民共和国中央人民政府,资料网址链接:http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2022-10/25/content_5721685.htm (2)国家重点生态功能区转移支付强度=国家重点生态功能区转移支付额/中央对地方转移支付额,重点补助强度=国家重点生态功能区转移支付重点补助额/中央对地方转移支付额;数据根据财政部公开披露信息计算得到。 (3)国家重点生态功能区转移支付激励约束强度=激励约束金额/转移支付总额;数据根据财政部公开披露信息计算得到。 (4)河北财政强化举措支持深入打好污染防治攻坚战,河北省财政厅,资料网址链接:http://czt.hebei.gov.cn/xwdt/gzdt/202206/t20220607_1605839.html (5)全国生态护林员有二百多万人,用辛勤付出筑牢祖国生态屏障——与林为伴守护青山,人民日报,资料网址链接:http://paper.people.com.cn/rmrb/html/2022-08/24/nw.D110000renmrb_20220824_1-14.htm (6)由于京津冀地区生态移民规模较小,因此以京津冀地区作为样本考察生态补偿政策效果,在一定程度上可以减少“生态移民”干扰,也有助于评估生态补偿政策对于原地农村居民“增收”效应,具有一定的代表性。 (7)六省区市联动“治污” 保障北京空气质量兑现承诺,中华人民共和国中央人民政府,资料网址链接:https://www.gov.cn/govweb/jrzg/2008-02/21/content_896621.htm (8)数据来源:数据根据财政部公开披露信息计算得到。