社会信任与家庭金融科技使用Social Trust and Household FinTech Adoption
王奇,牛耕,周洋
摘要(Abstract):
信任是金融交易的基础,金融科技作为新金融形态往往更需要信任。本文基于中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)2017年数据,利用手机银行(网上银行)、互联网理财、互联网借贷和移动支付四个维度衡量家庭金融科技使用,研究了社会信任对家庭金融科技使用的影响。研究发现,社会信任水平的提升显著促进了家庭使用各类金融科技服务的概率,这一结果在考虑了内生性问题情况下依然稳健。由于受到传统观念影响、学习能力偏弱等原因,老年人口和低教育水平人口往往是数字技术使用的弱势群体。本文的异质性分析发现,社会信任对这些群体的金融科技使用影响更为重要。本文的研究表明,社会信任水平对家庭金融科技使用率具有重要的作用。加强社会信任建设,对促进金融科技使用、缩小数字鸿沟以及实现普惠金融发展具有重要意义。
关键词(KeyWords): 金融科技使用;信任;手机银行;互联网理财与借贷;移动支付
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金青年项目(批准号:72203155);; 教育部人文社会科学西部青年基金项目(批准号:22XJC790010)的资助
作者(Author): 王奇,牛耕,周洋
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- ① https://www.accenture.com/cn-zh/company-leader-global-fintech-investments
- (1)https://www.ey.com/en_gl/ey-global-fintech-adoption-index
- (2)“手机银行:指通过登录手机上应用程序(app)获得银行服务的形式。”
- (3)“目前,您家是否持有像余额宝、京东小金库、百度百赚等这类资金易存易取的互联网理财产品?”
- (4)“目前您家有没有互联网借贷平台上的资金借出,例如 P2P 互联网借贷、众筹等。”以及“您家是否曾通过蚂蚁花呗、京东白条、分期乐、互联网借贷等互联网金融形式获取资金进行消费?”
- (5)“通过手机、 Pad 等移动终端支付(包括支付宝 APP 、微信支付、手机银行、 Apple pay 等)。”
- (6)考虑到P2P曾经是比较流行的一种互联网借贷方式,出于完整性的考虑,同时也为了保证与已有的文献定义一致,我们参考尹志超和仇化(2019)将其纳入到互联网借贷的定义中。但值得注意的是目前P2P业务已清零,考虑到政策含义和研究的稳健性,我们将P2P互联网借贷、众筹等在互联网借贷变量中剔除,依然发现社会信任水平显著促进互联网借贷。作者感谢匿名审稿专家的建议。
- (7)作者感谢匿名审稿专家的建议。为了稳健性考虑,本文也将信任定义分为三类,分别是非常信任与比较信任、一般、非常不信任与不太信任,分别赋值为3、2、1生成连续变量。在此基础上,重新估计了基准OLS和工具变量结果,同样也发现了社会信任显著提升了家庭金融科技使用。限于篇幅,未报告上述估计结果,感兴趣读者可向作者索要。