中国制造业SO2排放分解效应分析Analysis on SO2 Decomposition Effect from China's Manufacturing Industry
于安琪,刘冠坤,高宇宁
摘要(Abstract):
环境问题是新时期关乎国计民生的重大议题。党的十九大报告将污染防治列为决胜全面建设小康社会的三大攻坚战之一,然而对于影响中国环境污染排放的机制和效应分析,现有文献还存在较大争议,尤其是基于中国制造业四位数行业甚至微观企业数据考察影响中国环境污染产生的机制效应的文献非常之匮乏。鉴于此,本文将2000—2013年中国环境统计数据库与中国工业企业数据库合并,对中国制造业二氧化硫排放量变化分别在四位数行业层面和企业层面进行分解分析。本文使用总产值作为衡量经济规模的指标,并且依次使用间接分解法和直接分解法对引起二氧化硫排放量变化的各个机制效应进行细致的分解,以此补齐原有文献的不足。通过对四位数行业分解得出,规模效应为正,行业结构和行业技术效应均为负,三个效应综合得到的总效应为正。通过对企业分解得出,规模效应为正,行业结构效应为正,企业结构和企业技术效应均为负,四个效应综合得到的总效应为正。本文的研究结论意味着,中国环境污染排放取决于各种机制效应的总和,技术效应会稳健地减少污染总量,但是中国技术效应依然存在很大的提升空间。基于以上结论,建议中国在四位数行业和企业层面继续降低污染排放强度、注重四位数行业和企业市场结构调整,从而有效地减少污染排放总量。本文结论可为新时期在四位数行业和企业微观层面协调经济和环境的关系,为打赢污染防治攻坚战提供更加切实可行的政策建议。
关键词(KeyWords): 中国制造业;四位数行业;微观企业;二氧化硫;分解效应
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金面上项目“全球价值链视角下中国地区及行业真实增加值与真实生产率核算及其决定因素与政策分析框架研究”(批准号:71873075);国家自然科学基金专项项目“重大突发公共卫生事件对产业供应链的影响及对策”(批准号:72042003)
作者(Author): 于安琪,刘冠坤,高宇宁
DOI: 10.16513/j.cnki.cje.20220825.001
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- ①本文之所以使用平衡面板数据是因为,在分解分析过程中需要逐年控制与基期年份相同的企业或行业相同的企业份额、行业份额、企业排放强度或行业排放强度,在保证以上因子不变的情况下分析其他因素变动对排放总量的影响。
- ①由于篇幅所限,行业层面烟尘排放量的间接分解结果和直接分解结果备索。
- ①由于篇幅所限,此部分仅展示企业层面煤炭消耗总量的间接分解结果,行业层面煤炭消耗强度的间接分解结果和直接分解结果备索。
- ①与2001年相比,基于总产值对企业层面进行间接分解的总效应、规模效应、规模/行业结构和企业结构效应总和、规模/行业结构和企业技术效应总和、规模/业结构和企业技术效应分解结果分别是108.05、194.91、370.05、0和122.29,再根据表11的方法进一步分解可以得出四个单个效应的取值。