肖挺,唐宇晨

• 1:江西财经大学国际经贸学院
• 2:南开大学经济学院国际经济研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

本文基于国泰安数据库以及手动收集的上市公司销售量数据，运用ACF方法测算了2011—2019年期间企业的物质全要素生产率(TFPQ)和价值全要素生产率(TFPR),比较了两者的变化趋势以及收敛情况。结果显示，整体、分地区、分行业的TFPR呈现先增长后下降的态势，而TFPQ基本表现出较平稳的增长，非国有企业和年轻企业TFPQ明显更大。制造业企业TFPR整体上存在绝对β收敛，且TFPR绝对β收敛的速度大于TFPQ。部分行业和地区的企业TFPQ不存在绝对β收敛但存在条件β收敛，行业、地区层面的企业TFPR基本都存在绝对β收敛。测算剔除价格因素的生产率TFPQ,并从行业、地区、企业性质等方面分别与TFPR对比分析，能对中国制造业技术效率变化进行更直观的审视，并有助于把握行业和地区间真实的全要素生产率水平的增长，为推动我国制造业高质量发展提供经验证据。

关键词(KeyWords)： 制造业企业;物质全要素生产率;价值全要素生产率;收敛

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金地区项目《制造企业业务维度对服务化收益影响机制研究：基于与服务供应商合作关系的视角》（72262015）;; 江西省教育厅科技项目《信号理论视角下制造企业“服务化困境”问题的实证评估》（GJJ210522）

作者(Author): 肖挺,唐宇晨

DOI: 10.16513/j.cnki.cje.20221002.001

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• (1)本文之所以选择用申万行业一级分类,主要是因为申万行业分类存在时间长,并且从投资管理和研究的双重角度来划分行业,同时,申万二级分类的类别过多,行业内样本量不足,所以综合考虑使用申万二级行业分类。
• (2)这里的企业年龄指的是企业上市年龄,因为本文使用的是上市企业数据,所以上市年龄更能代表企业的相关特征,并且上市年龄和成立年龄是高度相关的,使用成立年龄的结果基本与上市年龄一致。
• (3)本文假定如果一家企业用80%的产能生产某一产品,而另一家企业只生产一种产品,如果第一家企业的产量是第二家的80%,那么他们的潜在产量是一样的,如文中例子:100/0.8=125,因此本文最后把第一种企业处理为生产125吨的单一产品企业。
• (4)本文只具体分析了10个行业的TFP趋势和收敛性,主要是因为剩下行业的观测值较少,可能并不能很好地代表行业的整体情况,同时,行业分类太多也不利于寻找规律和分析。
• (5)企业年龄的对数少了5个观测值,是因为有5家公司是在2011年上市的,所以当年的企业年龄为0,因此对于年龄的对数就是缺失值。
• (6)在本文的数据样本期内,国泰安数据库中缺少了扬子新材等6家企业某一年的股权集中度数据。