央地间文化纽带与财政转移支付Cultural Ties and Fiscal Transfer
钟扬民,张航,徐祎晨
摘要(Abstract)：
财政转移支付是实现区域均衡发展和共同富裕的重要政策工具，但央地间的信息不对称降低了资源配置效率。本文认为，转移支付的分配者与地方间的文化纽带会帮助纠正信息不对称问题，提高资源配置效率。本文利用部长更替的准自然实验构造了渐进双重差分模型，实证结果显示，在任部长会给其出生地文化区的人均专项转移支付带来18.41万元的增长，相当于平均水平的10.7%;这一结果是稳健性的，且效应受到部长掌握资源的多寡以及文化纽带的强弱所影响；由文化纽带配置的专项资金能显著提振当地经济，且刺激效应大于其他的专项资金。本文的结果有助于我们理解传统文化如何嵌入国家治理体系并提高治理效率，对中国式现代化的实现提供了理论支撑。
关键词(KeyWords)： 文化纽带;转移支付;经济增长
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金青年项目“房产税对住房投机的抑制作用及其财富再分配效应研究”（项目编号：72003066）;; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“城市内部政府间关系与城市一体化发展”（项目编号：2021110441）的资助
作者(Author): 钟扬民,张航,徐祎晨
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- (1)两次调整分别涉及19个部委和11个部委。
- (2)由于部长的硕、博学历多为在职攻读,并未在学校当地长期生活,所以这里参照曹春方等(2017)的做法,以硕士之前的最高学历来认定毕业院校。
- (3)关于对出生地和籍贯的认同感,一个典型的例子是周恩来总理。周总理虽然出生在江苏淮安,但其对祖籍浙江绍兴更为认同,曾多次公开表示自己的根在绍兴,在他的南开中学毕业证书上也写着浙江绍(兴)县人。
- (4)从统计上看,省会下辖的县被划入处理组的比例为26.1%,略高于样本均值。
- (5)由此带来的最典型结果是省域之间堪比国界的贸易壁垒(高翔和龙小宁,2016)和不惜以两败俱伤来保持自身优势的激烈竞争(周黎安,2004)。
- (6)在所有被考察的部长中,仅有两位出生于北京。