陈启斐,王双徐

• 1:南京财经大学国际经贸学院
• 2:海南师范大学教育学院

摘要(Abstract)：

本文拓展GrossmanandKrueger(1995)结构变迁和环境质量的分析框架,利用2003—2016年中国285个地级市的数据以及WIND数据库微观企业数据,分析服务业比重和PM2.5强度的关系,研究结果显示:第一,服务业比重提高1%,PM2.5强度上升0.17%。这意味着生产服务品依旧会对空气造成污染。第二,本文以低碳城市试点政策作为准自然实验,分析低碳试点城市服务业增长和空气质量之间的关系。研究发现低碳城市服务业占比提高1%,PM2.5强度下降0.123%。第三,本文还利用WIND数据库中制造业和服务业的微观数据,分别考察低碳城市试点政策影响服务业发展的微观机制。实证结果显示:低碳城市服务业发展可以提高制造业企业创新能力;但是不会影响企业的生产率和产业链布局。低碳城市服务业发展的影响主要体现在非国有企业,对国有企业的影响不显著。本文的研究为中国的空气治理提供理论支撑,建议将结构效应和环保政策相结合,才能够有效改善空气质量。

关键词(KeyWords)： 服务业;PM2.5;低碳试点城市

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金青年项目(批准号:71703064);; 国家社科重大项目(批准号:18ZDA102);; 中国博士后科学基金(批准号:2019M650077);; 国家社科基金青年项目(批准号:18CJY043)的资助

作者(Author): 陈启斐,王双徐

DOI: 10.16513/j.cnki.cje.20210312.002

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• (1)该虚拟变量有如下说明:第一,济源市属于省级直管县级市,在《中国统计年鉴》中没有相关数据,予以删除。第二,大兴安岭地区辖4个市辖区、1个县级市、2个县。在《中国统计年鉴》中没有相关数据,予以删除。第三,武汉、吉林、广州、昆明、延安已经包含在第一批试点城市中,这5个城市虚拟变量从2010年起计为1。
• (1)感谢审稿人的意见。
• (1)目前中国的微观数据应用较多的是中国工业企业数据,但是该数据只有工业企业,没有服务企业。因此,我们采用上市公司的3262家企业,该数据同时包括了农业、工业和服务业的企业数据。
• (1)Stucki(2019)认为只有在能源投资产生正向效用时,企业的才会进行投资。基于德国、奥地利和瑞士的数据,发现绿色能源技术投资只有对能源成本最高的19%的企业才有正向作用。